[شلمار]

F. CLAUSE OF CONDITION


Clause Phrase

Were, had should, If, If not, In case of , With, by + noun
Unless, should not , were not, had not But for, without + noun


* If he succeeded , he would join in university.
* Were he to succeed, he would join the university.
- In case of his success, he would join the university.
- In case of his succeeding, he would join the university.
* If I had not helped him, he would have died.
* Unless I had helped him, he would have died.
- But for my help, he would have died.
- Without my help, he would have died.

G. CLAUSE OF MANNER

clause phrase
As كما According to
In accordance with + noun

As if – as though كما لو كان Like + n./ in + adj. + way

• They answered as I instructed them.
- They answered in accordance with my instructions.
• He did it just as his father ordered him.
- He did it according to his father order.
• He walks proudly as if he were a king.
• He walks proudly like a king.
- He walks proudly in a kingly way.

H. CLAUSE OF COMPARISON

Clause Phrase
( as- as ) equal in + n.
( not so – as ) [ not ]
( than ) equally + adj.


* She is as short as her mother.
- They are equal in shortness.
- They are equally short.
* Faten is not so clever as Mai is.
- They are not equal in cleverness.
- They are not equally clever.
* I’m stronger than he is.
- We are not equal in strength.
- We are not equally strong.

NOUN CLAUSES
من الممكن تحويل الاسم إلى جملة اسمية باستعمال أدوات الربط الآتية:-
What - Where – Who – Why – How- That – When – How many - How much – How wide…. etc……
* What she said made me angry.
- Her words ( speech ) made me angry.
* That she failed, was unexpected.
- Her failure, was unexpected.
* Tell me where you live.
- Tell me your address.
* I know who wrote this book.
- I know the writer of this book.
* No one knows why he travelled.
- No one knows the reason of his travel.
* He told me when he arrived.
- He told me the time of his arrival.
* The woman doesn’t know how many children she got.
- The woman doesn’t know the number of her children.
* Ola knows how she makes Mahshi.
- Ola knows how to make Mahshi.
- Ola knows the way of making Mahshi.

* We hope that he succeed.
- We hope for his success.
* Do you know how wide our school is?
- Do you know the width of our school?
* Ask the worker how deep the well is.
-Ask the worker the depth of the well.
* Do you know how much this house costs?
- Do you know the cost of this house?

Join the following sentences together so as to make complex sentences, containing time clauses:
1- He returned home. He has not got out.
2- He reached the top of the mountain. He fell down.
3- I shall wait for you. You return.
4- He was running quickly. He fell down.
5- He fell down. They caught him.
6- We started running. We returned.
7- Napoleon had invaded some countries. He was beaten.
8- We were flying at full speed. The aeroplane landed suddenly.
9- He started walking. He fell down dead.
10- He went away. He has not sent me a letter.

Change into simple sentences.
1- I was happy when I heard the news of my success.
2- While I was walking along the street, I met him.
3- After he had done his homework, he went out.
4- Think carefully before you give your decision.
5- I’ll wait for your till / until you arrive.
6- I’ve not seen him since he visited me last month.
7- I remembered him as soon as I met him.
8- No sooner had he entered the class than he left it .
9- Hardly had the plane taken off when it landed .

Do as shown in brackets :
1- He talked so much that he annoyed me .
2- He spoke very politely . Everyone praised him.
3- He is such a careless boy ………. .
4- Such a clever boy ( he was – was he – had he ) that he got full marks .
5- He is such a foolish pupil that he is always a failure .
6- He spoke very clearly . Everyone listened to him.
7- He spent so much money ………. .
8- He was very brave . He never yielded .
9- He was such a brave leader that He never yielded.
10- The question is………difficult that I never cannot answer it.
11- He was such a clever boy that he has got full marks.
12- So quickly (did the train move – the train moved – moved the train) that he could not catch it.
13- He ran so quickly that he caught the train.
14- He was to lazy to succeed.
15- The lesson was so easy that we could understand it. ( Begin with : So)
( Join using : so ……. that)
( complete )
(Choose the correct answer )

( Begin with : such )
(Join using: so… that)

(complete )
(Join using: So … that)
( Begin with : Such )

( Fill in the space )

(Change into a simple sentence)

(Choose the correct answer)

(use : enough to)
( use : so …… that)


Do as required in brackets :
1. Despite her beauty , no one proposed to her .
(Change into a simple sentence )
2. He failed in spite of his cleverness . ( Use : although )
3. Generous as he was , no one loved him . ( Use : although )
4. Regardless of his stupidity , he succeeded . ( Use : although )
5. ( Although – despite – regardless of ) he was rich , he was unhappy .
( Choose the correct word )
6. Poor as he is , he is proud . ( Simple sentence )
7. Regardless of his wealth , he asked me to lend him a pound .
( Use : although )
8. In spite of his innocence, he was punished. (use : although )
9. However unlucky she was, she felt happy.
(change into a complex sentence )

Choose the correct words in brackets :
1. He could not come ( until – while – because ) he was busy .
2. He was able to pass his exams ( until – before – since ) his teacher helped him .
3. The teacher punished him ( when – as soon as – since ) he was careless .
4. He could climb the hill ( thus – then – as ) he is strong and healthy .
5. ( Hardly – as soon as – as ) you are tired , you had better rest .
6. he could bend the iron bar ( since – as a result – till ) he was strong .
7. ( Because – till – as soon as ) he is dishonest , he did not repay the money he borrowed , from me .

Change into the complex sentences into simple sentences or vice-versa :
1. He succeeded because he was clever .
2. He did not go to school since he was ill .
3. He was loved owing to his politeness .
4. I cannot believe him because he tells lies .
5. He ran quickly as he was late .
6. I am going to bed because of feeling tired .
7. He failed in the exam owing to his carelessness .
8. He came late as he missed the train .
9. He took his umbrella because it was raining .
10. He can’t go to school owing to his illness .

Change into simple sentences.
1- She spoke as if she were afraid.
2- She looked at me as though she wished to frighten me. يرعبني
3- He did it as ( just as ) I ordered him.
4- He ran as if he was running for his life.
5- He talks as if he knew every thing.
6- He walked as though he were a peacock.
7- She ran as quickly as it she were a deer.
8- The house seems as if it were a palace.

Change the following clauses into phrases and vice-versa.
1- She is of my intelligence.
2- She is the shorter of us.
3- We are equal in strength.
4- They are equal in courage.
5- She is of her sister’s beauty.
6- I am as poor as he (is).
7- He is poorer than I (am).
8- She is not so charming as her sister (is).
9- We are of the same beauty.
10 - She is not of our wealth.

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